Theses on a related topic (having the same keywords):
marketingovy mix, swot, dotaznik, marketing mix, sponzoring, marketing, questionnaire, sponsoringKeywords ordered alphabetically | Keywords ordered by occurrence rate
901.
Lochmanová, Lenka
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Spotřebitelské chování | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Spotřebitelské chování | Theses on a related topic
902.
Lorenzová, Renata
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Postavení malé a střední firmy na trhu po vstupu ČR do EU | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2009, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Postavení malé a střední firmy na trhu po vstupu ČR do EU | Theses on a related topic
903.
Loudínová, Hana
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2008, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2008, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
904.
Ludvík, Ivo
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms
905.
Ludvík, Jan
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Optimalizace PR (příp. marketingových) aktivit konkrétní firmy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Optimalizace PR (příp. marketingových) aktivit konkrétní firmy | Theses on a related topic
906.
Macúch, Patrik
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / International Management
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / International Management
907.
Mahrová, Silvie
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie kavárny | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie kavárny | Theses on a related topic
908.
Macháček, Jakub
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová komunikace startupu Reknihy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová komunikace startupu Reknihy | Theses on a related topic
909.
Machalová, Hana
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Aplikace marketingového řízení v podniku a jeho vylepšení | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Aplikace marketingového řízení v podniku a jeho vylepšení | Theses on a related topic
910.
Machová, Timea
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikateľský zámer - Penzión Machovička | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikateľský zámer - Penzión Machovička | Theses on a related topic
911.
Majerová, Denisa
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Povědomí o značce | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Povědomí o značce | Theses on a related topic
912.
Malcherová, Marie
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr pro konkrétní podnik | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr pro konkrétní podnik | Theses on a related topic
913.
Malinová, Kateřina
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketinkový plán pro osobního fitness trenéra | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketinkový plán pro osobního fitness trenéra | Theses on a related topic
914.
Maloňová, Dominika
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - uvedení nové módní značky na trh | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - uvedení nové módní značky na trh | Theses on a related topic
915.
Mandera, Petr
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Vliv agrese a agresivity na profesionální hráče konzolové hry FIFA a její dopad na marketing | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Vliv agrese a agresivity na profesionální hráče konzolové hry FIFA a její dopad na marketing | Theses on a related topic
916.
Margony, Erik
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingového plánu pro Boss Muscular | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingového plánu pro Boss Muscular | Theses on a related topic
917.
Marhoulová, Kateřina
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2004, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economic Policy and Administration / Taxation
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2004, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economic Policy and Administration / Taxation
918.
Marková, Aneta maiden name: Marková
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Zavádění nového výrobku na trh | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Zavádění nového výrobku na trh | Theses on a related topic
919.
Martinková, Barbora
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies terminated for failure to fulfill study requirements
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Rozvoj firemní a organizační kultury ve vybrané organizaci | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies terminated for failure to fulfill study requirements
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Rozvoj firemní a organizační kultury ve vybrané organizaci | Theses on a related topic
920.
Mařák, Vilém
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Využití marketingu v oblasti vzdělávání | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Využití marketingu v oblasti vzdělávání | Theses on a related topic
921.
Mařanová, Nikola
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Tvorba marketingového plánu tematického deníku | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Tvorba marketingového plánu tematického deníku | Theses on a related topic
922.
Mašek, Dominik
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr založení grafického e-shopu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr založení grafického e-shopu | Theses on a related topic
923.
Mašková, Pavlína
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie firmy T&MM CZ s.r.o. | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie firmy T&MM CZ s.r.o. | Theses on a related topic
924.
Matějka, Petr
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Inovace organizační struktury podniku | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Inovace organizační struktury podniku | Theses on a related topic
925.
Matějková, Barbora
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
926.
Matejková, Kateřina
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Strategický plán firmy GymBeam Czech | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Strategický plán firmy GymBeam Czech | Theses on a related topic
927.
Matějovský, Denis
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Tvorba marketingového plánu pro restauraci Modrý Zub | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Tvorba marketingového plánu pro restauraci Modrý Zub | Theses on a related topic
928.
Matulániová, Nicol
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Tvorba marketingového plánu pro nově vznikající firmu Animarum | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Tvorba marketingového plánu pro nově vznikající firmu Animarum | Theses on a related topic
929.
Matulová, Jana
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and management of small and medium-sized enterprises (combination/specialization: Studium pro uchazeče ze střední školy)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Využití marketingu pro zvýšení konkurenceschopnosti firmy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and management of small and medium-sized enterprises (combination/specialization: Studium pro uchazeče ze střední školy)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Využití marketingu pro zvýšení konkurenceschopnosti firmy | Theses on a related topic
930.
Matyšák, Jakub
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / International Relations and Economic Diplomacy
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / International Relations and Economic Diplomacy
931.
Mayerová, Kristína
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Využitie affiliate marketingu na podporu slovenských útulkov pre zvieratá | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Využitie affiliate marketingu na podporu slovenských útulkov pre zvieratá | Theses on a related topic
932.
Melicharová, Iveta
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms (combination/specialization: Studium pro uchazeče ze střední školy)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms (combination/specialization: Studium pro uchazeče ze střední školy)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
933.
Melíšek, Martin
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Digitální marketing jako klíčový nástroj pro rozvoj podnikání | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Digitální marketing jako klíčový nástroj pro rozvoj podnikání | Theses on a related topic
934.
Melnikova, Diana
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Neuromarketing - výhody a rizika | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Neuromarketing - výhody a rizika | Theses on a related topic
935.
Mikulecký, David
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie konkrétní instituce | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie konkrétní instituce | Theses on a related topic
936.
Mikulínová, Adéla
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Prezidentská kampaň Andreje Babiše | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Prezidentská kampaň Andreje Babiše | Theses on a related topic
937.
Mikulová, Kristýna
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
938.
Milev, Ivan
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie vybraného podniku v Jihomoravském kraji | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie vybraného podniku v Jihomoravském kraji | Theses on a related topic
939.
Minaříková, Nikola
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Budování značky na konkrétním příkladu značky “Life is Porno” | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Budování značky na konkrétním příkladu značky “Life is Porno” | Theses on a related topic
940.
Mizerová, Vendula
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Personální marketing | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Personální marketing | Theses on a related topic
941.
Mladenova, Tereza
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Účinnost a využití nástrojů marketingové komunikace společnosti UNIMARCO a.s. | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Účinnost a využití nástrojů marketingové komunikace společnosti UNIMARCO a.s. | Theses on a related topic
942.
Mojseňuková, Marie
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh reklamní kampaně firmy Lešení Plzeň | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh reklamní kampaně firmy Lešení Plzeň | Theses on a related topic
943.
Moravec, Šimon
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: management zátěže - optimalizace variabilních technik zvládání stresu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: management zátěže - optimalizace variabilních technik zvládání stresu | Theses on a related topic
944.
Mori Ubaldini, Giovanni
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketing nejvýznamnějších náboženských destinací cestovního ruchu v Evropě | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketing nejvýznamnějších náboženských destinací cestovního ruchu v Evropě | Theses on a related topic
945.
Morong, Erik
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Psychology in Management
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Psychology in Management
946.
Mrázek, Martin
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr akciové společnosti | Theses on a related topic
Master's thesis defence: Návrh optimalizace procesů konkrétní akciové společnosti | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr akciové společnosti | Theses on a related topic
Master's thesis defence: Návrh optimalizace procesů konkrétní akciové společnosti | Theses on a related topic
947.
Mrňous, Jan
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh online marketingové strategie e-shopu BU1.cz | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh online marketingové strategie e-shopu BU1.cz | Theses on a related topic
948.
Mück, Jan
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / International Management
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / International Management
949.
Müller, Jan
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie pro budování obchodní značky ve finančním poradenství | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie pro budování obchodní značky ve finančním poradenství | Theses on a related topic
950.
Müller, Pavel
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Employer brand strategie vybrané společnosti | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Employer brand strategie vybrané společnosti | Theses on a related topic