Theses on a related topic (having the same keywords):
zdrava kavarna, marketingova strategie, marketing strategy, fitness studio, healthy cafe, podnikova strategie, podnikatelsky plan, business strategy, startup, management, business planKeywords ordered alphabetically | Keywords ordered by occurrence rate
201.
Holík, Vlastimil
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Tvorba marketingové strategie pro podnik | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Tvorba marketingové strategie pro podnik | Theses on a related topic

202.
Holíková, Monika
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie pro inovovaný výrobek | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie pro inovovaný výrobek | Theses on a related topic
203.
Holomková, Veronika
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán - Kalkulator | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán - Kalkulator | Theses on a related topic
204.
Homolová, Barbora
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Ekonomika a zdaňování)
Master's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie společnosti Moreau Agri Vysočina | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Ekonomika a zdaňování)
Master's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie společnosti Moreau Agri Vysočina | Theses on a related topic
205.
Horáčková, Daniela
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and management / Management SME (combination/specialization: studium pro absolventy VOŠ)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and management / Management SME (combination/specialization: studium pro absolventy VOŠ)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
206.
Horák, Jan
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh a realizace marketingové strategie příspěvkové organizace | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh a realizace marketingové strategie příspěvkové organizace | Theses on a related topic
207.
Horký, Richard
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies under way
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Vznik politické strany jako podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies under way
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Vznik politické strany jako podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
208.
Hořická, Tereza
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingový plán společnosti SEPHORA | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingový plán společnosti SEPHORA | Theses on a related topic
209.
Hošek, Radek
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podniková strategie | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podniková strategie | Theses on a related topic
210.
Hoštický, Jiří
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
211.
Hovorka, Ondřej
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Budování značky AlzaPower | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Budování značky AlzaPower | Theses on a related topic
212.
Hrabalíková, Lucia
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán - založení internetového obchodu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán - založení internetového obchodu | Theses on a related topic
213.
Hromadová, Vanessa
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies under way
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies under way
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
214.
Hrubý, Adam
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr: Hudební škola | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2015, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr: Hudební škola | Theses on a related topic
215.
Hrudka, Jakub
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies under way
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán pro firmu “Fresh Coach s.r.o.” zaměřenou na marketing osobních trenérů ve fitness sektoru | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies under way
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán pro firmu “Fresh Coach s.r.o.” zaměřenou na marketing osobních trenérů ve fitness sektoru | Theses on a related topic
216.
Hrušková, Dominika
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - prázdninový dům | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - prázdninový dům | Theses on a related topic
217.
Hrušková, Dominika
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - založení malého podniku | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - založení malého podniku | Theses on a related topic
218.
Hubená, Miroslava
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
219.
Hunkesová, Veronika
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr založení mateřské školy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr založení mateřské školy | Theses on a related topic
220.
Hurychová, Veronika
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Human Resource Management
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Human Resource Management
221.
Husičková, Lucie
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
Master's thesis defence: Marketingový plán pro společnost Alza.cz | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
Master's thesis defence: Marketingový plán pro společnost Alza.cz | Theses on a related topic
222.
Huzlik, Marek
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr mobilní aplikace | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr mobilní aplikace | Theses on a related topic
223.
Hylena, Miroslav
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
224.
Hynek, Filip
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr – mobilní prodejna YO! frozen yogurt | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr – mobilní prodejna YO! frozen yogurt | Theses on a related topic
225.
Chekirda, Ekaterina
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies under way
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh budování značky pro podnik v oblasti zdraví a krásy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies under way
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh budování značky pro podnik v oblasti zdraví a krásy | Theses on a related topic
226.
Chelyakova, Yelyzaveta
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
227.
CHEN, Jiexi
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Business plan for general merchandise retails | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Business plan for general merchandise retails | Theses on a related topic
228.
Chladilová, Marie
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and management / Management SME (combination/specialization: studium pro absolventy VOŠ)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and management / Management SME (combination/specialization: studium pro absolventy VOŠ)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie | Theses on a related topic
229.
Chomát, František
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán - návrh nové služby restauračního zařízení | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán - návrh nové služby restauračního zařízení | Theses on a related topic
230.
Chovanec, Josef
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms (combination/specialization: Studium pro absolventy VOŠ)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie pro výzkumnou laboratoř | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms (combination/specialization: Studium pro absolventy VOŠ)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie pro výzkumnou laboratoř | Theses on a related topic
231.
Chrastina, Aleš
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie pro ENERG-SERVIS, a.s. | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie pro ENERG-SERVIS, a.s. | Theses on a related topic
232.
Chrobáková, Alžběta
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
233.
Chromý, Karel
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Tvorba marketingové strategie pro podnik | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Tvorba marketingové strategie pro podnik | Theses on a related topic
234.
Chromý, Lukáš
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie vstupu podniku na nové trhy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie vstupu podniku na nové trhy | Theses on a related topic
235.
Chudý, Jakub
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies under way
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán – Pular Energy s.r.o. | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies under way
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán – Pular Energy s.r.o. | Theses on a related topic
236.
Chudý, Jan
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
237.
Chvostková, Nikol
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - Logisticko spediční firma | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - Logisticko spediční firma | Theses on a related topic
238.
Iashkov, Ivan
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies under way
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie vstupu na nové trhy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies under way
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie vstupu na nové trhy | Theses on a related topic
239.
Idrná, Romana
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingový plán | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingový plán | Theses on a related topic
240.
Ingr, David
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms (combination/specialization: Studium pro uchazeče ze střední školy)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr pro zřízení soukromé mateřské školy v malé obci | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms (combination/specialization: Studium pro uchazeče ze střední školy)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr pro zřízení soukromé mateřské školy v malé obci | Theses on a related topic
241.
Ingr, Dominik
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Human Resource Management
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Human Resource Management
242.
Izáková, Adéla
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie vstupu podniku na nové trhy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie vstupu podniku na nové trhy | Theses on a related topic
243.
Jackson, Jan
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
244.
Jancura, Ján
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Human Resource Management
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Human Resource Management
245.
Janda, Miroslav
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán otevření soukromé mateřské školy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán otevření soukromé mateřské školy | Theses on a related topic
246.
Janečková, Klára
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie pro podnik v cestovním ruchu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie pro podnik v cestovním ruchu | Theses on a related topic
247.
Janečková, Klára
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie softwarového produktu “Plán dovolených“ | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie softwarového produktu “Plán dovolených“ | Theses on a related topic
248.
Jang, Uijeong
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
249.
Janík, Tomáš
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms (combination/specialization: Studium pro uchazeče ze střední školy)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Význam segmentace v marketingové strategii podniku | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms (combination/specialization: Studium pro uchazeče ze střední školy)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Význam segmentace v marketingové strategii podniku | Theses on a related topic
250.
Janík, Tomáš
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie | Theses on a related topic