Theses on a related topic (having the same keywords):
podnik, moda, the business plan, fashion, znacka, podnikatelsky plan, marketing, brandKeywords ordered alphabetically | Keywords ordered by occurrence rate
1551.
Wagnerová, Michaela
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingový plán pro společnost Notino | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingový plán pro společnost Notino | Theses on a related topic

1552.
Wencl, Jakub
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh střednědobé marketingové komunikační strategie pro firmu Black & White fashion | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh střednědobé marketingové komunikační strategie pro firmu Black & White fashion | Theses on a related topic
1553.
Wiedermann, Dalimír
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová stratégia vybraného podniku | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová stratégia vybraného podniku | Theses on a related topic
1554.
Wiesner, Nela
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
1555.
Winterová, Michaela
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie zavedení nového výrobku na trh - ekologické vytápění | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2011, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie zavedení nového výrobku na trh - ekologické vytápění | Theses on a related topic
1556.
Wisińská, Ivana
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Management se zaměřením na psychologii
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingového plánu pro firmu XYZ | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Management se zaměřením na psychologii
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingového plánu pro firmu XYZ | Theses on a related topic
1557.
Yemets, Roman
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr- založení kazašské restaurace | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr- založení kazašské restaurace | Theses on a related topic
1558.
Younesová, Sabina
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Management se zaměřením na psychologii
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Management se zaměřením na psychologii
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
1559.
Zábojník, Tomáš
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie fotbalového klubu FK Dukla Praha | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie fotbalového klubu FK Dukla Praha | Theses on a related topic
1560.
Zajíčková, Jitka
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms
1561.
Zalužanský, Jan
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingového plánu pro malý/střední pivovar | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingového plánu pro malý/střední pivovar | Theses on a related topic
1562.
Zatloukalová, Dominika
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingový mix vybrané cestovní kanceláře | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingový mix vybrané cestovní kanceláře | Theses on a related topic
1563.
Zavadilová, Kristýna
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová komunikace pro start-upy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová komunikace pro start-upy | Theses on a related topic
1564.
Závodníková, Jana
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economic Policy and Administration / Taxation
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economic Policy and Administration / Taxation
1565.
Zavřelová, Iva maiden name: Šarbortová
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Ekonomika a zdaňování)
Master's thesis defence: Inovace prodejního systému podniku | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Ekonomika a zdaňování)
Master's thesis defence: Inovace prodejního systému podniku | Theses on a related topic
1566.
Zayats, Taťána
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Uvedení nového produktu na český trh | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Uvedení nového produktu na český trh | Theses on a related topic
1567.
Zbořil, Miroslav
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie eventu pro Galerii Šantovka a.s. | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie eventu pro Galerii Šantovka a.s. | Theses on a related topic
1568.
Zdráhalová, Kateřina
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Rozšíření provozovny juice baru | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Rozšíření provozovny juice baru | Theses on a related topic
1569.
Zedníček, Filip
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / International Management
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / International Management
1570.
Zelenková, Beáta
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
1571.
Zeman, Jan
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms (combination/specialization: Studium pro uchazeče ze střední školy)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie pro konkrétní podnik | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms (combination/specialization: Studium pro uchazeče ze střední školy)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie pro konkrétní podnik | Theses on a related topic
1572.
Zeman, Josef
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - Internetový obchod | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - Internetový obchod | Theses on a related topic
1573.
Zeman, Leoš
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr nového penzionu | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr nového penzionu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr nového penzionu | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr nového penzionu | Theses on a related topic
1574.
Zemanová, Veronika
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / International Management
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / International Management
1575.
Zemanová, Yvetta
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2007, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2007, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms
1576.
Zemanová, Žaneta
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie pro inovovaný výrobek | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie pro inovovaný výrobek | Theses on a related topic
1577.
Zívalová, Tereza
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
1578.
Zlámalová, Andrea
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová komunikace pro McDonald’s ČR | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Marketingová komunikace pro McDonald’s ČR | Theses on a related topic
1579.
Zlateva, Julie
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Green marketing a jeho vliv na rozhodování spotřebitelů. | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Green marketing a jeho vliv na rozhodování spotřebitelů. | Theses on a related topic
1580.
Zmeškalová, Jana
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Marketingový mix podniku | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Management malých a středních firem)
Master's thesis defence: Marketingový mix podniku | Theses on a related topic
1581.
Zmrzlý, Michal
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Rozvoj obchodních aktivit | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Rozvoj obchodních aktivit | Theses on a related topic
1582.
Zouhar, Karel
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
Master's thesis defence: Vývoj a marketingová propagace online objednávkového systému | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
Master's thesis defence: Vývoj a marketingová propagace online objednávkového systému | Theses on a related topic
1583.
Zůl, Martin
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2008, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2008, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
1584.
Zůl, Martin
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economic Policy and Administration / Financial Controlling
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2006, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economic Policy and Administration / Financial Controlling
1585.
Zvěřová, Zuzana
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie vstupu podniku na teritoriálně nové trhy | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Marketingová strategie vstupu podniku na teritoriálně nové trhy | Theses on a related topic
1586.
Zvěřová, Zuzana
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Obsahová strategie firmy Cesty od Zuzky | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Obsahová strategie firmy Cesty od Zuzky | Theses on a related topic
1587.
Zýková, Adriana
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Vliv sociálních sítí na generace Z | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Vliv sociálních sítí na generace Z | Theses on a related topic
1588.
Žabojev, Jakub Rasul
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Business Management
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Business Management
1589.
Žák, Matěj
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán a podpory pro rozvoj MSP | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán a podpory pro rozvoj MSP | Theses on a related topic
1590.
Žák, Milan
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Ekonomika a zdaňování)
Master's thesis defence: Zvýšení konkurenceschopnosti podniku prostřednictvím řízení nákupu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2014, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management (combination/specialization: Ekonomika a zdaňování)
Master's thesis defence: Zvýšení konkurenceschopnosti podniku prostřednictvím řízení nákupu | Theses on a related topic
1591.
Žák, Patrik
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Obalový dizajn a jeho vplyv na psychiku spotrebiteľa pri nákupe produktu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Obalový dizajn a jeho vplyv na psychiku spotrebiteľa pri nákupe produktu | Theses on a related topic
1592.
Žáková, Petra
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
1593.
Žaludková, Lucie
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie | Theses on a related topic
1594.
Žďárský, David
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr pro objekt Filipov | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr pro objekt Filipov | Theses on a related topic
1595.
Žilka, Jan
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and management of small and medium-sized enterprises (combination/specialization: Studium pro uchazeče ze střední školy)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán MSP | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and management of small and medium-sized enterprises (combination/specialization: Studium pro uchazeče ze střední školy)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán MSP | Theses on a related topic
1596.
Žiška, Robert
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Human Resource Management
Faculty: Col. Hum.
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Human Resource Management
1597.
Žitňák, Adam
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Krabičková diéta trochu inak: podnikateľský plán smerom k naplneniu trhovej medzery | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Krabičková diéta trochu inak: podnikateľský plán smerom k naplneniu trhovej medzery | Theses on a related topic
1598.
Živnová, Monika
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms (combination/specialization: Studium pro absolventy VOŠ)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Uvedení značky Pediped na evropský trh | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Uvedení značky Pediped na evropský trh | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms (combination/specialization: Studium pro absolventy VOŠ)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Uvedení značky Pediped na evropský trh | Theses on a related topic
Bachelor's thesis defence: Uvedení značky Pediped na evropský trh | Theses on a related topic
1599.
Žižková, Kateřina maiden name: Čechová
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán na založení minipivovaru | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán na založení minipivovaru | Theses on a related topic
1600.
Žváčková, Ingrid Vittoria
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Management se zaměřením na psychologii
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Management se zaměřením na psychologii
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic