Theses on a related topic (having the same keywords):
zakaznik, marketingovy plan, financni plan, podnikatelsky plan, konkurence, analyzaKeywords ordered alphabetically | Keywords ordered by occurrence rate
1.
Veselský, Adam
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr poskytování technických služeb | Theses on a related topic
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr poskytování technických služeb | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr poskytování technických služeb | Theses on a related topic

Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr poskytování technických služeb | Theses on a related topic

2.
Blažík, Dominik
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán na založení podniku k pořádání svateb a jiných akcí | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán na založení podniku k pořádání svateb a jiných akcí | Theses on a related topic
3.
Hubená, Miroslava
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
4.
Kloknerová, Tereza
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - založení malého podniku | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - založení malého podniku | Theses on a related topic
5.
Kraváček, Jakub
Faculty: Collegium Humanum - Warsaw Management University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / International Management
Faculty: Collegium Humanum - Warsaw Management University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / International Management
6.
Řezníček, Karel
Faculty: Collegium Humanum - Warsaw Management University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Human Resource Management
Faculty: Collegium Humanum - Warsaw Management University
Year: 2020, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Human Resource Management
7.
Sysel, Vojtěch
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - ubytování v lodním kontejneru | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - ubytování v lodním kontejneru | Theses on a related topic
8.
Trtík, Lukáš
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms
Bachelor's thesis defence: Tvorba podnikatelského plánu pro konkrétní podnik | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2013, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms
Bachelor's thesis defence: Tvorba podnikatelského plánu pro konkrétní podnik | Theses on a related topic
9.
Vince, Daniel
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelské plánování | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelské plánování | Theses on a related topic
10.
Zábojníková, Michaela
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Management se zaměřením na psychologii
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Management se zaměřením na psychologii
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
11.
Bártek, Michal
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán pro bezkontaktní automyčku | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán pro bezkontaktní automyčku | Theses on a related topic
12.
Bělohradský, Tomáš
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
13.
Bozán, Martin
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr pro tvorbu mobilní aplikace | Theses on a related topic
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr pro tvorbu mobilní aplikace | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr pro tvorbu mobilní aplikace | Theses on a related topic
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr pro tvorbu mobilní aplikace | Theses on a related topic
14.
Bozhenko, Anastasia
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - Kavárna s výrobnou | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - Kavárna s výrobnou | Theses on a related topic
15.
Bratinková, Rebeka
Faculty: Collegium Humanum - Warsaw Management University
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Human Resource Management
Faculty: Collegium Humanum - Warsaw Management University
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Human Resource Management
16.
Čapka, Lukáš
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán pro mobilní aplikaci | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán pro mobilní aplikaci | Theses on a related topic
17.
Damborský, Petr
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
18.
Demel, Filip
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán na otevření realitní kanceláře ve městě | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán na otevření realitní kanceláře ve městě | Theses on a related topic
19.
Dlouhá, Klára
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán založení autoservisu | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán založení autoservisu | Theses on a related topic
20.
DUONG, Trung Kien
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr na otevření restaurace | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr na otevření restaurace | Theses on a related topic
21.
Ďuricová, Sandra
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
22.
Fil, Polina
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingového plánu výstavby skladovacích prostor | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingového plánu výstavby skladovacích prostor | Theses on a related topic
23.
Gabčo, Denis
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
24.
Gašparovič, Róbert
Faculty: Collegium Humanum - Warsaw Management University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / International Management
Faculty: Collegium Humanum - Warsaw Management University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / International Management
25.
Hájek, Jakub
Faculty: Collegium Humanum - Warsaw Management University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
Faculty: Collegium Humanum - Warsaw Management University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Mgr.
Programme/field: Management / Marketing
26.
Haldová, Hana
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Management se zaměřením na psychologii
Bachelor's thesis defence: podnikateľský plán - Coffe&Snack | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Management se zaměřením na psychologii
Bachelor's thesis defence: podnikateľský plán - Coffe&Snack | Theses on a related topic
27.
Halová, Terezie
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán - založení kreativního ateliéru Esthet | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán - založení kreativního ateliéru Esthet | Theses on a related topic
28.
Holomková, Veronika
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán - Kalkulator | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán - Kalkulator | Theses on a related topic
29.
Hrušková, Dominika
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - prázdninový dům | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - prázdninový dům | Theses on a related topic
30.
Hrušková, Dominika
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - založení malého podniku | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - založení malého podniku | Theses on a related topic
31.
Hynek, Filip
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr – mobilní prodejna YO! frozen yogurt | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr – mobilní prodejna YO! frozen yogurt | Theses on a related topic
32.
Janíková, Eliška
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr na založení salonu pro psy a kočky | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2012, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Organization and Management of small and medium sized firms
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr na založení salonu pro psy a kočky | Theses on a related topic
33.
Kidar, Šimon
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr v oblasti přírodních produktů | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2025, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Marketing
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr v oblasti přírodních produktů | Theses on a related topic
34.
Kotková, Nicole
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
35.
Kraváček, Jakub
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - založení mobilní prodejny | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2018, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr - založení mobilní prodejny | Theses on a related topic
36.
Kůrka, Tomáš
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán na tvorbu webových stránek a poskytování souvisejících služeb | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán na tvorbu webových stránek a poskytování souvisejících služeb | Theses on a related topic
37.
Lakkisová, Romana
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economic Policy and Administration / Taxation
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingového plánu pro Lakkis Toner Servis | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2010, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economic Policy and Administration / Taxation
Bachelor's thesis defence: Návrh marketingového plánu pro Lakkis Toner Servis | Theses on a related topic
38.
Melcher, Patrik
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán firmy na údržbu fotovoltaických panelů | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán firmy na údržbu fotovoltaických panelů | Theses on a related topic
39.
Melcherová, Tereza
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán rozvoje psího salonu Ginger | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán rozvoje psího salonu Ginger | Theses on a related topic
40.
Nguyen, Hoang Hai
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Human Resource Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
41.
Nováková, Tina
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Založení společnosti na sestavení personalizované ranní rutiny | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2024, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Založení společnosti na sestavení personalizované ranní rutiny | Theses on a related topic
42.
Patchenskii, Aleksandr
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
43.
Pecina, Jiří
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
44.
Pogrebnyak, Vladislav
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2022, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
45.
Pokorná, Iva
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie konkrétní instituce | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2016, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Business Economy and Management
Master's thesis defence: Návrh marketingové strategie konkrétní instituce | Theses on a related topic
46.
Polanská, Denisa
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Rozvoj podnikatelských aktivit podniku | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2021, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Global Business and Management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Rozvoj podnikatelských aktivit podniku | Theses on a related topic
47.
Přikrylová, Veronika
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and management / Management SME (combination/specialization: studium pro absolventy VOŠ)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán MSP | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: STING ACADEMY
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economics and management / Management SME (combination/specialization: studium pro absolventy VOŠ)
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán MSP | Theses on a related topic
48.
Purketová, Sára
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2017, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Podnikatelský záměr | Theses on a related topic
49.
Radikovský, Roman
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2023, studies completed, degree conferred: Ing.
Programme/field: Economics and Management / Economics and Management
Master's thesis defence: Podnikatelský plán | Theses on a related topic
50.
Rampír, Filip
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Založení obchodu s oblečením | Theses on a related topic
Faculty: NEWTON University
Year: 2019, studies completed, degree conferred: Bc.
Programme/field: Economy and Management / Globální podnikání a management
Bachelor's thesis defence: Založení obchodu s oblečením | Theses on a related topic